The complete mitochondrial genome of Agriotes fuscicollis Miwa, 1928 (Coleoptera: Elateridae)

Abstract In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Agriotes fuscicollis Miwa, 1928 (Coleoptera: Elateridae). The results showed that the length of complete mitochondrial genome was 15,866 bp with 26.8% GC content, containing 39.6% A, 33.5% T, 16.8% C, 10% G. There were 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that A. fuscicollis was closely related to Cryptalaus larvatus, Cryptalaus yamato, Pyrophorus divergens and Ignelater luminosus. The complete mitogenome of A. fuscicollis would contribute to the study of the phylogeny and evolution of Elateridae.

Agriotes fuscicollis Miwa, 1928 (Coleoptera: Elateridae) is one of the important underground pests (Xue et al. 1985). They are distributed all over China and are common in the northwest of China. The adults have a preference for wheat leaves and newly decayed grass weeds, and have a strong tendency to slightly wilting weeds (Liu et al. 1988;Traugott et al. 2015). The larvae mainly damage the buds and seeds of wheat, corn and other crops, causing crops to wither and die, which can result in considerable economic losses (Liu et al. 1988;Pan and Ma 2006). However, no genetic evolutionary analysis of A. fuscicollis has been reported yet. This research adopted the Maximumlikelihood tree model to explore the phylogenetic relationship of A. fuscicollis. Illumina sequencing was employed to determine the whole mitogenome of A. fuscicollis. These achievements of the study would enrich correlative research content of the genetic evolution of A. fuscicollis, which is of great significance for the control of this insect.
The A. fuscicollis specimens were collected from Hongwei, Fujian Province, China (118 57 0 15 00 E, 26 09 0 09 00 N) using the snares with sexual attractants and deposited at the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (https://lxy.fafu.edu.cn, Songqing Wu, dabinyang@126.com) under the voucher number KJ-202101. The total genomic DNA of A. fuscicollis was extracted adopting TruSeq DNA Sample Prep Kit (Vazyme, CHN). We confirmed the DNA concentration and quality by NanoDrop 2000 (TFS, USA) and used Illumina Hiseq 2500 (Illumina, USA) to complete DNA sequencing. After filtrating, we got a total of 849,296 clean reads from the 53,874,634 raw reads. By adopting metaSPAdes and MitoZ, the clean reads were assembled (Meng et al. 2019). In addition, we adopted tRNAscan software to calculate tRNA genes (Chan and Lowe 2019). The whole mitogenome sequence of A. fuscicollis has been recorded in GenBank with accession number OM161961.
For purposes of determining the phylogenetic status of A. fuscicollis, the phylogenetic tree consisted of relevant 18 species of Coleoptera and one species of Lepidoptera adopting MEGAX software, which the Anoplophora horsfieldi was used as an out-group. By analyzing the evolutionary tree, we could learn that A. fuscicollis and 10 Elateridae that included Agrypninae, Prosterninae, Denticollinae, Semiotinae and Melanotinae formed a monophyletic group. In the research, a sister group to the clade of Agrypninae included the monophyletic Elateridae species. In addition, A. fuscicollis constituted a paraphyletic group with Cryptalaus larvatus, Cryptalaus yamato, Pyrophorus divergens and Ignelater luminosus (Figure 1). The complete mitogenome of A. fuscicollis can be conducive to the study of phylogeny evolution as well as the prevention of Elateridae. By this way, we can use the control methods of neighboring species in the evolutionary tree as experimental control of A. fuscicollis.

Ethical approval
This research does not involve ethical research. This study was permitted by the Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Ecological Forests, FAFU, China. All collection and sequencing work was strictly executed under local legislation and related laboratory regulations to protect wild resources.

Author contributions
Feiping Zhang conceived the study. Linxiao Wei wrote the manuscript. Tong Zhou collected the specimen. Jingru Ke and Yunzhu Sun reviewed drafts of the paper. Linxiao Wei, Tong Zhou, Jingru Ke and Yunzhu Sun carried out the experiments and/or data analyses. All authors approved the final manuscript and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the study.

Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).